Table 2 Services provided to other health professionals
Reference | Country | Design | Setting | Service | No. Ph | Sample size | Main outcome measures | Significant Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Williams et al, (2004) | USA | RCT | GP | MR | 1 | 63 Int 77 Cont | Physical, cognitive and affective functioning, health status, number and cost of medications. | Decrease in number and cost of medications |
Schmidt et al, (1998) | Sweden | CRCT | RAC | MR | 15 | 626 Int 1228 Cont | Incidence and quality of psychotropic medication use. | Increase in psychotropic medication use and therapeutic duplication in control group. Decrease in antipsychotic and hypnotic use in intervention group, decrease in AD use in intervention and control groups |
Schmidt et al, (2000) | Sweden | CRCT | RAC | MR | 15 | 1549 Total †| Quality of medication use (three-year follow-up). | Previous Improvements in quality of medication use sustained for specific indicators |
Coleman et al, (1999) | USA | CRCT | HMO | MR | 1 | 96 Int 73 Cont | Depressive symptoms, physical function, service utilisation, number of high risk medications, satisfaction, urinary incontinence, falls, cost. | Decrease in urinary incontinence in intervention group at 12 months. No differences between intervention and control groups at 24 months |
Roberts et al, (2001) | Australia | CRCT | RAC | MR | ND | 905 Int 2325 Cont | Medication use, medication cost, mortality, morbidity and resource utilisation. | Decrease in psycholeptic and benzodiazepine drug administration, decrease medication cost |
Furniss et al, (2000) | UK | CRCT | RAC | MR | 1 | 158 Int 172 Cont | Prescribing patterns, mortality, mental state, depressive symptoms, and behavioural disturbance | Decrease in mortality, decrease in number of prescribed medications, increase in behavioural disturbance |
Burns et al, (2000) | UK | CRCT | RAC | MR | 1 | 158 Int 177 Cont | Medication costs. | Decrease in medication cost |
van Eijk et al, (2001) | NL | CRCT | GP | ED | 37‡ | 70 Int 1* 52 Int 2* 68 Cont* | Prescribing of highly anticholinergic and less anticholinergic AD medications | Decrease in high anticholinergic AD use in intervention group 2. Increase in less anticholinergic AD use in Intervention group 1 |
Hartlaub et al, (1993) | USA | CT | PPGP | ED | ND | 28 Int 1* 26 Int 2* 37 Cont * | Benzodiazepine prescribing pattern | Â |
de Burgh et al, (1995) | Australia | RCT | GP | ED | 1 | 142 Int * 144 Cont * | Benzodiazepine prescribing pattern | Overall decline in benzodiazepine use. Differences between intervention and control groups not significant |
Crotty et al, (2004) | Australia | CRCT | RAC | ED | 1 | 381 Int 334 Cont | Fall rate, psychotropic medication use, BP, quality of life | Increase in 'as required' antipsychotic medication use in the intervention group |
Avorn et al, (1992) | USA | CRCT | RAC | ED | 1 | 431 Int 392 Cont | Psychotropic mediation use, mental status, memory, anxiety, depressive symptoms, behaviour, sleep | Decrease in psychotropic medication use, decrease in inappropriateness of drug use, less cognitive decline, increase in depression scores. |